HUMAN FACTORS AND SYSTEMS

1. HUMAN FACTORS AND SYSTEMS

HF Defined
which is more concerned with the application of the information to the design of things. Suffice it to say, not everyone would agree with such a distinction. We approach the definition of human factors in terms of its focus, objectives, and approach.

Focus of Human Factors
Human factors focuses on human beings and their interaction with products, equipment, facilities, procedures, and environments used in work and everyday living.

Objectives of Human Factors
Human factors has two major objectives. The first is to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency with which work and other activities are carried out.

The second objective is to enhance certain desirable human values, including improved safety, reduced fatigue and stress, increased comfort, .greater user acceptance, increased job satisfaction, and improved quality of life.

Approach of Human Factors
The approach of human factors is the systematic application of relevant information
about human capabilities, limitations, characteristics, behavior, and
motivation to the design of things and procedures people use and the environments
in which they use them.

Human factors is not just applying checklists and guidelines.
Human factors is not using oneself as the model for designing things.
Human factors is not just common sense.

SYSTEMS
A central and fundamental concept in human factors is the system. A system is an entity that exists to carry out somepurpose (Bailey, 1982). A system is composed of humans, machines, and other
things that work together (interact) to accomplish some goal

Human-Machine Systems
We can consider a human-machine system as a combination of one or more
human beings and one or more physical components interacting to bring about,
from given inputs, some desired output.

Manual Systems A manual system consists of hand tools and other aids
which are coupled by a human operator who controls the operation.

Mechanical Systems These systems (also referred to as semiautomatic systerns)
consist of well-integrated physical parts, such as various types of
powered machine tools.

Automated Systems When a system is fully automated, it performs all
operational functions with little or no human intervention.

Characteristics of Systems
Systems Are Purposive
Systems Can Be Hierarchical
Systems Operate in an Environment

note:
summarized from book: Human Factors in engineering and design by Sanders.
anybody need the ebook? contact me okay ^_^...

Strategies

1. Jelaskan arti strategic intent, serta berikan beberapa contoh perusahaan selain yang saya sebut dikelas!

Strategic Intent adalah strategi yang mendefinisikan bagaimana sebuah misi tersebut dapat dicapai dengan langkah-langkah kongkrit yang dapat membuat para pekerja terinspirasi dan focus dalam bekerja setiap harinya. Strategi ini dibuat oleh organisasi dari visi yang dibuat untuk jangka waktu yang lama.

Contoh :

Bit Defender : to defend the welfare of all users, no matter the platform, the nature of the user nor the magnitude of the challenge, whatever it takes to keep computer users safe from harm and help the Good prevail.

Komatsu: ‘Maru-C’ or ‘Encircle Caterpillar’. Rather than face Caterpillar frontally they did a pincer movement by setting up assembly plants in places like Brazil and Mexico. They also established business relationships with multiple countries – thereby encircling Caterpillar.

2. Definisikan arti dari foresight, stretch, dan leverage, berikut contoh!

Foresight : mengerti akan keadaan diluar atau dalam organisasi pada masa yang akan datang, sehingga mampu untuk mempersatukan pandangan setiap orang.

Strech : Membagi keinginan, semangat, motivasi, dan ambisi untuk dapat survive dan dapat terus berkembang.

Leverage : bagaimana cara untuk para karyawan merasa tertarik dan termotivasi, serta mengatur akan aset – aset lainnya untuk dapat digunakan dengan lebih baik.

3. Jelaskan arti singkatan dan maksud SMART objectives!

Specific – Objectives should specify what they want to achieve.

Measurable – You should be able to measure whether you are meeting the objectives or not.

Achievable - Are the objectives you set, achievable and attainable?

Realistic – Can you realistically achieve the objectives with the resources you have?

Time – When do you want to achieve the set objectives?

4. Baca tulisan“The vocabulary strategy” (terlampir) dengan example dan case-nya. Kemudian cari perusahaan lain dan rumuskan persusahaan tersebut seperti contohnya!

BIT DEFENDER

MISSION : "AWAKE" we’re always on guard, always ready to step in for the safety of the user.

Vision or strategic intent : to defend the welfare of all users, no matter the platform, the nature of the user nor the magnitude of the challenge, whatever it takes to keep computer users safe from harm and help the Good prevail.

Goal : “to design a program to maximize partners' sales and commissions by expanding the avenues available for traffic referral"

Objective : “maintain an average growth rate of more than 100% over the next three years, through massive expansion into the Asian and North-American markets".

Strategic capability:

Key Competitive Advantages:

1. Superior Proactive Protection,

2. Image Spam Filter,

3. Response time and update interval

4. Award-winning security solutions

Strategies : combat piracy is to offer its security software at a much affordable price

Business model : melakukan kerjasama dengan provider untuk software bisnis, distributor besar dan bekerja sama dengan perusahaan antivirus dinegara lainnya. Contoh : G DATA Software, Sunbelt Ninja Blade, Value Added Distributor, Internet Security Systems / IBM, Hauri Inc, dll

Control : Monitor sales, virus definition, registry monitor,

Visioning organisasi

· Mission : setiap perusahaan biasanya mempunyai misi. dan misinya pasti mengenai kebaikkan perusahaan, walau terkadang dibuat dengan cara yang berbeda.

· strategic architecture

· Setelah membuat misi dan visi, menurut gary hame dan ck prahalad, selanjutnya yang harus dilakukan agar masa depan perusahaan tercapa adalah dengan cara membangun misi dan visi tersebut. maka dibuatlah yang namanya architecture strategy.

· sebelum membuat kerangka strategi tersebut maka harus ditetapkan terlebih dahulu mimpi, mind set atau visi dan konsep yang ingin dicapai.

· Visioning organisasi: hal yang mempengarhui pemikiran strategi adalah TQM, teamwork, fokus pada konsumen dan lain sebagainya.

· contoh visi: henry ford 'menyediakan alat angkut yang terjangkau oleh semua orang'. Fred Smith (fedex) 'menjadi sebuah perusahaan informasi'

· Catatan yang perlu digaris bawahi dari visi:

· harus realistis dan kredibel

· dinyatakan dengan jelas dan merupakan tugas yang kritikal dalam proses perencanaan strategi

· dan juga harus dikomunikasikan, diinternalisasikan lalu kemudian dieksekusi bersama.

· Ciri-ciri Misi:

· menunjukkan bisnis utama perusahaan. misalkan levi S 'branded casual apparel'. ebay 'trading communities'. paramount 'in the businees of communication, not making movies'.

· Mencerminkan karakter dari perusahaan. misalkan wal-mart 'provide value to customers'. HP 'to make a contribution'. motorola 'total customer satisfaction'.

· Memberikan sinyal perbuahan radikal perusahaan

· misi adalah konstitusi perusahaan. tapi konstitusi tak ada gunanya bila tidak dikonversi dalam tindakan.